Embryology and Biology of Creation: Symbolic Parallels between the Temple of Esna Theology and the Contemporary Scientific Reflection

Document Type : Original Article

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Lecturer in the Department of Egyptology - Faculty of Archaeology- Fayoum University- Egypt.

Abstract

This research paper aims to investigate, discuss and study The concept and significance of embryology and creation biology through the symbolic parallel between the theology of the Esna temple and contemporary scientific contemplation. This study examines Khnum’s role as a divine craftsman in the Esna Temple texts, focusing on his involvement in the full cycle of human reproduction. It highlights Khnum’s endowment of vitality, his modeling of the fetus, and his oversight of childbirth, framing him as both creator and cosmic midwife. By analyzing these theological motifs, the research explores how ancient Egyptians conceptualized conception, gestation, and birth. The study further investigates possible parallels between mythological representations and modern biological concepts such as fertilization, morphogenesis, and genetic determinism. Through this interdisciplinary lens, the research offers a culturally grounded reinterpretation of ancient Egyptian creation theology and its enduring relevance to human understanding of life’s origins. The methodology of this study becomes clear through the content and context of the symbolic parallels between the temple of Esna theology and the contemporary scientific reflection, which is done through discussion, investigation and analysis in order to clarify and highlight the elements and structure of the study content.

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